Consumer behavior & Market Segmentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Shopper conduct and Market Segmentation - Essay Example This model proposes that buyers have some unsatisfied needs and needs whose acknowledgment is the initial phase all the while. This need can be animated by interior or outside boosts. Upon need recognizable proof purchasers scan for data and assess the choices emerging out of that search. At last the buy is made for the best-enjoyed brand. Customers likewise show post buy conduct; it is a stage that chooses how fulfilled the purchaser is with the choice and will shape consumer’s re-buy or proposal choices. This entire procedure is affected by numerous variables (Kotler’s Marketing Essentials and refered to in Lee [31]) which incorporate social impacts, showcasing impacts, situational impacts and mental impacts. As indicated by Stanton (66) â€Å"Marketing division comprises of taking the absolute heterogeneous market for an item and separating it into a few sub-markets or portions every one of which will in general be homogenous in all huge aspects.† Consumer purchasing conduct and market division are connected in that sections in a market are shaped on four basic bases which incorporate geographic, segment, psychographic and social. Subsequently conduct is one of the four significant bases for division. Division on the bases of geographic (locale), segment (age, sexual orientation, religion, training) as well as psychographic (way of life or social class) is evident anyway thinking about conduct while sectioning a business opportunity for an item is extreme since it includes portioning based on utilization, dependability and other comparable properties which fluctuate from individual to individual. Division on conduct premise centers around the shoppers characteristics as well as wo rried about what customers do and afterward shaping a section of buyers indicating comparable conduct/emotions towards a brand. Henceforth recognizing a portion which shows comparable conduct/emotions towards an item is

Knowledge Information Systems Development -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Knowledge Information Systems Development? Answer: Presentation: It is imperative to deal with the framework so as to access to a not insignificant rundown of advantages. The significance of an appropriate data framework is substantially more significant at the hierarchical level. Such procedure will permit an entrance to various of advantages like a sorted out database where each and every action is put away (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). Such database isn't just significant for a fast access to significant data yet this will likewise assist with using the put away information for future needs. In addition, such a course of action of information in a composed database will likewise assist with making vital arranging using the necessary substance from the database (Arvidsson, Holmstrm and Lyytinen 2014). Undertaking Resource Planning (ERP) is one of such databases that can create beneficial outcomes to associations or establishments on the off chance that it is actualized in the framework (Seethamraju 2015). This examination isn't just founded on understanding the significance of big business asset arranging (ERP), however this surely attempts to make sense of the use of ERP in the picked contextual analysis association. The picked contextual analysis association is another school which appeared only a couple of years back in the New South Wales in Australia. The organization of the school is available to advancement which is very apparent from the school foundation. Moreover, the organization is likewise open to the ground breaking strategy for coming years. There can be numerous plans remembered for the end-all strategy; be that as it may, the organization ought to likewise consider executing the endeavor asset arranging (ERP) framework to improve its data the executives framework (The Anglican School Googong 2018). The principle reason for this task is to comprehend the significance of data the board framework. It is additionally planned for understanding the difficulties that both the general population and the private segments face. Thoroughly analyze the issues and difficulties that face vital data frameworks organizers. Your answer ought to unmistakably talk about the issues every part (private or open) face while overseeing IT/IS deliberately: There are sufficient of contrasts in the middle of people in general or the private areas with respect to the execution of the vital data framework. The authoritative chain of command and the administering assortments of both the sorts of segments are extraordinary and subsequently, the two of them experience a recognized sort of difficulties while actualizing the key data framework. Privately owned businesses face a relatively lesser test while executing the data the board framework. The distinctions can well be comprehended by examining the contrasts between the difficulties looked by the general population or the private areas. Open areas Open area associations need to experience a long procedure to get an endorsement on any framework related change (Johnson, Leenders and McCue 2017). For a model, if there is a need to actualize the endeavor asset arranging (ERP) framework in an open bank the procedure will really take a more drawn out than the foreseen time length. The execution won't just be done on a specific bank in any case, will rather be made on its different branches moreover. This will presumably require a gigantic speculation and will likewise require an endorsement from the open body. Likewise, the hierarchical culture in open area is less adaptable (De Vries, Bekkers and Tummers 2016). They take longer than an ordinary time length to choose whether the proposed framework will be valuable. By and by, extra time is devoured in each and every stage like examining the proposed framework, recognizing the assets required, allotting the task to a customer and others. Also, there are the quantity of such workers who would prefer not to change and wish to proceed with the conventional configuration of framework. They really go about as an opposing operator and at such places, execution process gets postponed (De Vries, Bekkers and Tummers 2016). The administration framework in open areas is strikingly inadequate than it is in the private parts. The supervisory group who are dependable to deal with the change procedure, they need to hang tight for an endorsement from the open government (Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan 2015). The endorsement itself gets deferred. All things considered, the administration needs to endure at the various stages like trusting that the necessary assets will be accessible (Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan 2015). The entire condition is really experienced a nearly less adaptable and uncompetitive open government. Private parts In spite of the fact that at the private association, endorsement process occurs at a nearly quicker speed; notwithstanding, it additionally faces different difficulties or issues while executing the key data framework. One of the principal issues is the administration challenge which is truly tasted during such occasions (Armenski, Dwyer and Pavlukovi? 2018). The execution of a framework requires a pioneer that can take speedy and gainful choices. Also, its administrator's duty to guarantee that correspondence has been made with respect to the change procedure to its whole partners. This is important to get the commitments from each qualified individual from the association or, in all likelihood the venture wasn't possible inside the cutoff time (Armenski, Dwyer and Pavlukovi? 2018). Another test in private association is the hierarchical condition which should be truly adaptable to change (Roehrich, Lewis and George 2014). The degree of seriousness is not exactly in the open areas; be that as it may, the private associations likewise face the recognized convictions of various ages. Twenty to thirty year olds are truly adaptable and are very agreeable to innovation too. Then again, the more seasoned representatives have a protection from change in them. They tend to be in the safe place which is much of the time proceeding with the customary framework (Roehrich, Lewis and George 2014). The specialized issue is one of the sorts of the issues that the private associations face. A specific association can't utilize all the advancements (Acharya and Xu 2017). They rather can utilize the advancements which are reasonable to them and are additionally good with the old arrangement of data the board. Similarity is a significant issue that may forestall the usage of a profitable framework likewise (Acharya and Xu 2017). Basically assess whether an IS Strategy may assist an association with achieving an upper hand. On the off chance that an IS Strategy can enable an association to accomplish an upper hand by what method may an association continue such a bit of leeway: As indicated by the creators Altamony et al. (2016), venture asset arranging (ERP) can add esteems to the hierarchical practices by making things noticeable as far as getting to the information of different fields like the business promoting, accounts, human asset and much others. In the light of the above-said realities, this can be accepted that endeavor asset arranging (ERP) can be exceptionally gainful in keeping up a database that has all the data put away at only one spot. This gives a stage where the experts, specifically, the ranking directors will have the option to cross check the blunders in any of the office if there is any. On the off chance that there is a crisscross between the marketing projection and the important record subtleties then the experts or the ranking directors will have the option to follow out the holes. The stage offers a smooth progress starting with one capacity then onto the next. It implies that the framework doesn't slack as far as performing various tasks. Such a smooth change will empower to exploit the stage that it gives as far as access to the diverse arrangement of information of recognized office (Altamony et al. 2016). This is savvy too. The reality can possibly be comprehended from the expression of the creators Altamony et al. (2016) which expresses that since the venture asset arranging (ERP) offers a multidimensional capacity of the various divisions at the only one stage, thusly, the association will no longer have the need to buy more programming to help the elements of various different offices. There are sure Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) sellers that likewise give Business Intelligence. Business knowledge can assist with going a lot of understanding the business procedure and can likewise empower to discover the business issues or the enhancements (Altamony et al. 2016). Probably the greatest bit of leeway of utilizing ERP is the propelled web based business mix. The coordination will empower an online request handling or following (Altamony et al. 2016). Endeavor Resource Planning (ERP) offers a usage of a various scope of modules; be that as it may, it is totally on the customer that what quantities of the module it wishes to have (Altamony et al. 2016). The security level of the ERP framework is additionally extremely high. This is because of a reality that it is a brought together stage which can be overseen or made sure about by applying a unified security arrangement (Altamony et al. 2016). Notwithstanding the previously mentioned realities, ERP can likewise give a simpler stock following, request following, deals guaging, income following and related exercises (Altamony et al. 2016). Approaches to continue the preferred position- It has just been talked about that there are sufficient of advantages of utilizing the undertaking asset arranging (ERP); in any case, it is likewise important to comprehend that food of the framework is increasingly critical to continue getting the advantages for a long haul. For a customer to get the continued estimations of the ERP framework, it is critical to consider the accompanying talked about focuses: ERP ought not be made over involved or less involved. Over possessing will hinder the product. Then again, less possessing won't let the joining occur at the full-stream (Chofreh et al. 2014). Clients cooperation is significant for a beneficial utilization of ERP. This should be possible

Lost and Found

Lost and Found There are no directions in Japan. The buildings are numbered, but in a generally useless, chronological order. When you ask for a map, there are no street names, just landmarks and Makudonarudos (McDonalds). Also, Im pretty sure they dont allow you to set off smoke signals in Japanese suburbs. Combine all that with my winning sense of direction and youve got a very lost American kid somewhere west of Central Tokyo. It happened the moment when I got off the limousine bus from the airport to go to the landlords office, and it happened even worse when I got off the train to look for my house. A woman helped me carry my luggage up two flights of stairs from the subway, then looked at my map and declared, I think its down that way, but Im not sure. Just go down that street about ten minutes and it should be around that area somewhere. And so I walked. Twenty minutes to the left of the station in the eighty-degree Tokyo heat, wearing two sweaters, dragging two heavy suitcases, and wondering why my bodily fluids were trying to escape me so freely. I walked for days. I walked until the Japanese Ghost of Christmas Past walked up next to me and was like, Got a drink? At that time I knew it was time to ask directions, to the first person I saw in the midst of this solely residential area: an older Japanese woman pushing her mother-in-law in a wheelchair, having a conversation with an older man down the street. Anou, sumimasen.. Ehh? America-jin desu kara.. kore, doko de wakarimasuka? She didnt know where it was exactly, but she looked at the map and surmised it was probably in the opposite direction. It was the third time today Id walked at least fifteen minutes in the complete wrong direction, and the phrase hantai no hoo (opposite direction) was starting to sound all too familiar. But she took the number off the map and called the company just to make sure. Moshi moshi? Just from her Japanese grunting noises (Unnn, Nnnn, Sousousousou) and vigorous head nods I could tell that I was in the wrong place and was probably going to have to make yet another 180, to be followed by several other twisty and difficult turns that could only be navigated by someone whose nationality is from a place that invented the electronic bidet. I deflated slightly, knowing my jet-lagged legs would have to wait slightly longer to be alleviated of their fatigue, and that the smell thatd been hanging over me ever since Id spent 11 hours seated next to an overly large man with a love of portable cheese would be with me a little longer. I wondered if Id ever figure out my way through the completely illogical streets of Tokyo, and even worse, if I was sweating out of my ears. (I was.) Arigatoo gozaimashita. The woman hung up the phone. Issyou ni ikimasyoo! Her offer to walk with me was so unexpected I almost passed out from surprise (and a little from heat stroke). As we walked she told me about her one son and two grandchildren, who lived in Singapore, and how her husband loved golf but wasnt very good at it. She told me she and her husband were retired and stayed at home taking care of their mother-in-law, who was in her 90s and her back was injured. She asked why I began studying Japanese and why I was here for the summer, and I told her. I also told her I didnt really know anyone in Tokyo, to which she said Me, your Japanese friend! My new Japanese friend dropped me off at my apartment, told me to get some rest, and to call her some time soon. That weekend, I skyped her to say hello, and mentioned off-hand that I wanted to buy a cell phone. Oh, I come with you! You eat breakfast yet? You come to my house! And then she made me breakfast, over which I talked to her husband about my flight, work, and getting lost in Tokyo. He told me about their honeymoon in Hawaii over forty years ago, how hed studied German instead of English, and how he kinda wished hed studied English now. There was a lot of toast and tea and ramen, and then she took me to Ikebukuro to get a cell phone grabbing my arm protectively in the subway, guiding me down the street to the cell phone shop, asking if there was someone there who spoke English to explain the terms of the contract to me where it turns out my visa wasnt a long enough period for me to buy the phone under my name, so she offered to put it under her ID card all approximately five days after Id first met her. At this point Im a little suspicious that my mom has sewed some kind of sign into all my clothes that says LOST FOREIGNER PLEASE HELP. Or that I just look really helpless and weak, and that I need someone to rescue me at all turns. My Japanese isnt that bad, I think, and I start to get defensive. Whats in it for her? Why is this lady being so unexpectedly good to me? She looks at me and smiles, and says Me, your Japanese Mama! And then I realize there are no alternate motives here. She isnt trying to take my money or waste my time, nor is she intending to later break into my house and eat what little food I have. (She knows where I live.) Shes simply Japanese. This is how she interacts with other human beings helping out a stranger on basic human kindness in a way that, much like yours truly on my first day in Tokyo, has become somewhat lost in American culture. I follow her back into the subway station, happy to be found.

The Causes and Prevention of Teen Suicide Essay - 545 Words

â€Å"Sixteen-year-old Andrea was told to stop and talk to her Math teacher after class. Andrea knew what was coming because her grades had been slipping in the last few months. After the teacher told Andrea she was planning to call her parents for a conference, she was filled with despair. Andrea never went to her next class. Instead, she went to the girl’s bathroom and using a nail file, slashed her wrist. Andrea was found by another student a half hour later and was rushed to the hospital. Andrea didn’t die, but she wanted to.† (McGuire 8) Before the mid-1970s, teen suicide appeared to be a rare happening. Suicide is the eleventh leading cause of death in the United States with 32,000 Americans taking their own lives annually every sixteen†¦show more content†¦Laurie, and Mandell R. Stephen 377) What would make a young person want to take his or her own life? It was once believed those who attempted suicide were possessed by demons (McGuire 26). It w asn’t until the nineteenth century that sociologists and psychologists made some major breakthroughs on the causes of suicide (McGuire 26). Depression plays a big role in the thought process of suicide. When someone is depressed and unhappy he or she may start to think how life would be easier for others without them. Depression is the most common mental health disorder in the United States among teens and adults. Tragically, about fifteen percent of people living with depression end their lives by committing suicide (Tricare). influence depression and suicide, loss of a parent, losing a job and feeling like you have failed in life. Whenever girls normally get emotionally or physically hurt, they will most likely run to their mom or dad, or their girlfriends, for comfort and support. Most teen boys are different from teen girls. Boys don’t normally go talk to their guy friends about how someone was talking about them in lunch. Instead, teen boys hold their feelings in and try not to show them. Many times on the outside, teen boys will look great and like nothing is wrong but on the inside they will be dying. Some may say depression may come from the way someone was brought up, or that if your parent struggles with depression orShow MoreRelatedTeen Suicide: Is it Preventable?1074 Words   |  5 Pagessister’s death. A teen suicide is a tragic incident to happen in anyone’s life, but most people do not realize if their teen is possibly considering suicide. The third leading cause of death among teens and young adults ages fifteen to twenty-four is suicide. An examination of suicide by sex indicates that in the United States, nearly five times more 15- to 19-year-old boys than girls committed suicide in 1998 (NCHS, 2000b). Firearms are the most common way of committing suicide; with hanging beingRead MoreTeen Suicide Is A Complicated Tragedy1476 Words   |  6 Pages Teen Suicide Suicide is always a complicated tragedy that leaves people with many questions and few answers. When a teen commits suicide, everyone is affected, family members, friends, classmates, teachers, neighbors, and even outsiders. Teen suicide rates have had a major increase over the years. It has been proven to be the third leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year olds (APA â€Å"Teen Suicide is Preventable†). Society must provide reliable resources to help ensure that American societyRead MoreTeen Suicide Essay1571 Words   |  7 PagesTeen suicide is the third leading cause of death for high schools students (Health wise). Suicide is a voluntary self-inflicting injury or act of violence with the intent of dying (Teen Suicide). Suicide is such a depressing way to end your life, especially for young people. Young people have their whole life ahead of them, college, discovering themselves, making a family, and just living their life. Committing suicide throws these choices away and it can negatively impact the people around themRead MoreThe Importance Of Suicide Prevention1498 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of suicide is the act of intentionally causing one’s own death. Suicides happen every day and the emotional impact such an act has on individuals, families, and communities is devastating and tragic. Unfortunately, suicide has become a much bigger social issue than society likes to admit. Many people seem to think of teenage years as their happiest years in life but what others do not know is that someone can be suffering from pain caused by an emotional or environmental issue. Suicide preventionRead MoreSuicide Prevention Of The United States1269 Words   |  6 PagesSuicide Suicide is defined by Merriam-Webster as â€Å"the act or an instance of taking one s own life voluntarily and intentionally especially by a person of years of discretion and of sound mind†. According to the â€Å"CDC Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States for all ages (SAVE – Suicide Awareness Voices of Education, 2015).† After a loved one commits suicide â€Å"Many feel unable to provide adequate support and struggle to understand the depth of distress (Support After SuicideRead MoreA Way Out: Suicide Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Suicide does not end the chances of life getting worse, suicide eliminates the chance of it getting better,† said tumblr.com. Suicide is the act of taking of your life on purpose, and people in the United States, from the age of 10 to 65, have been committing suicide since the mid 1900’s. The rich and the famous go through suicidal thoughts and sometimes put it into their work; this process has been going on for decades. Committing suicide is a person trying to escape the pain and aloneness thatRead MoreInformative Speech On Teen Suicide989 Words   |  4 Pages Topic: Teen Suicide Awareness Teenage suicide is preventable, and ways that the society can help prevent are through the media, in schools, and in a Teens home. General Purpose: To bring awareness to my audience on teen suicide Specific Purpose: To inform and persuade my audience to take an active role in teen suicide awareness and prevention. Thesis: Spreading Awareness to teen suicide is a means to answering their silent cry by getting knowledge and donating, After all, knowledge is a veryRead MoreSuicide Is The Third Leading Cause Of Death1191 Words   |  5 Pages Suicide is the Third Leading Cause of Death in Adolescence Connie Yonn West Coast University Suicide behavior arise in adolescence, a period when significant mood and disturb behavior preoccupied with death (Stoep, 2009). Teen suicide rates are disturbing and have been increasing in the current years base on statistic (Croft, 2016).  The increasing number of teen suicide have cause awareness and brought attention to observance in teen suicide (Croft, 2016). It is said to be the third leading causeRead MoreSuicide Prevention : The Dangers Of Teen Suicide And Suicide736 Words   |  3 PagesTeen Suicide is dangerous. You might think your child’s not at risk, that they are completely fine. Think again, everyones child is at risk. Child and teen suicide is only growing and it’s increasing risk doesn’t seem to be slowing down. Teen Suicide Prevention is the way to protecting our younger generation from fighting depression. Through reminding our kids their life is worth it, the amazing Sources of Strength program, and through telling our kids the dangers o f teen depression, we can resolveRead MoreTeen Suicide Essay891 Words   |  4 Pagesanother man without Clementi’s knowledge, Clementi committed suicide. The actual definition of suicide is â€Å"the action of killing oneself intentionally†. The act of suicide is a serious matter, and is particularly prevalent among teens and young adults. The best way to prevent teen suicide is through informing people of its existence, and educating them on the warning signs and prevention methods. In this essay I will explain why suicide is a major public health problem through statistics, show the

Project Management Operations Management - 1137 Words

Graduate Diploma in Project Management OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT STUDENT ID : 1599164 STUDENT NAME : ARUN SREE S A SUBMITTED DATE : 04-DEC-2015 SEMESTER 2 - 2015 LECTURER: Dr. Nathan Faculty of Humanities Business School of Business Computing Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Selection Criteria / Interest 3 3. Methodology 4 4. Limitations of the study 4 5. Operational Sequences 5 5.1.Milma Production Process Chart 5 5.2.Fonterra process chart 7 5.3. Functional Departments for Milma to help the Business operations. 8 5.4. Functional Departments for Fonterra to help the Business operations. 8 6. Output 8 6.1. Products of Milma 8 6.2. Products of Fonterra 9 7. SWOT Analysis / SWOT Matrix 10 7.1. SWOT For Milma 10 7.2. SWOT For Fonterra 11 8. Conclusion 12 9. References 12 1. INTRODUCTION Dairy Product is the rapid growing business in the present world. Competition is also growing along with the business growth. This research is comprising the operational sequences of two dairy companies, situated in two different countries, Fonterra (NZ) and Milma (IND). Fonterra is the leading co-operative dairy company in New Zealand. It was established in October, 2001 and holding 95% of dairy business in New Zealand. About 20 billion liters of milk has been handled by Fonterra, according to the new statistics. The vision of the company is ‘Become the dominant force in commodity milk production in the Southern Hemisphere, and as aShow MoreRelatedProject Management With Operations Management Essay1572 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1: Contrast project management with operations management. How do these differences impact the approach required to manage a project successfully? (15 points) Answer 1: Projects are temporary endeavors with a beginning and an end and are initiated to solve a particular need of the organization. Operations, on the other hand, are the activities associated with the ongoing business of the company for as long as the company is in existence. While both activities use the organization s resourcesRead MoreProject Management And Operation Into The Ict Model Developed And Implemented Within A Communication Platform1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthe design, construction and operation into the ICT model developed and implemented within a communication platform. From the point of view of the project management theory and construction practice, the area of interest is integrated risk based on BIM. Negative consequences such as delays and financial losses that are detrimental conducted by investors raise a question of whether and how implementation of principles of BIM in project management can improve management activities associated with riskRead MoreOperations M anagement Project Synopsis1941 Words   |  8 PagesTEMPLATE FOR PROJECT SYNOPSIS (The project Synopsis should be of 1000 words and should be less than 5 pages) Name: Roll Number: OPERATIONS Specialization: Contact Number: E Mail: TITLE OF THE PROJECT: A PROJECT REPORT ON STEEL INDUSTRY OF TATA IRON AND STEEL COMPANY NAME AND DESIGNATION OF THE ORGANIZATION GUIDE: VINAYAK PHANSE, AUDIT MANAGER, TATA PROJECTS NAME AND DESIGNATION OF THE ACADEMIC GUIDE: VINAYAK PHANSE, AUDIT MANAGER, TATA PROJECTS 1. INTRODUCTION: The Indian steel industryRead MoreCase Study : Operations And Project Management2796 Words   |  12 Pages Vivica L. Stokes Prof. Brian Dahl Course Title: Operations and Project Management Course Number: BUSN 6110 QDS22015 Date: May 30, 2015-05-30 Institution: Webster University â€Å"Quality Management – Toyota† Abstract Toyota Motor Corporation being the leading motor manufacturer in the world is now facing issues regarding quality management and there have been many cases in October 2009 when the initial recalls of Toyota vehicles in the United States of America was done. Toyota being its originRead MoreOperations Management/Enterprise Project Essays2315 Words   |  10 PagesCourse: Operations management Enterprise Project: Industrial Universal Pallet Manufacturing Industrial Universal Pallet Manufacturing Organizational Structure Organizational structure plays an important role in the development, and arrangement of tasks. This is because the structure of an organization is used to coordinate department, and tasks such as coordination, allocation, and supervision. These activities are geared towards the achievement of set goalsRead MoreOperations Management and Use of PERT Techniques in Managing Projects1184 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Operations Management Operations management refers to a management area which involves control and design of the process of production, as well as business operations in the production of goods and services (Shim Siegel, 2009). It ensures efficiency in business operations through use of few resources as required. In addition, it ensures that the business operations are effective through meeting the requirements of the customers. Operation management has the responsibility of managing the processRead MoreProduction and Operation Management864 Words   |  4 PagesProduction and Operation Management Cheng Guoping Chapter 1 Introduction 1. Production System 2. Production and operations in the organization 3. Function and jobs of POM 4. Decision Making in POM 5. The emergence of production and operation management 1. Production System Production and operation management (POM) is the management of an organization s production system, which converts input into the organization s products and services. 1.1 Production system model Inputs Read MoreJawapan Past Years Opm 5301476 Words   |  6 PagesJANUARY 2012 QUESTION 1 ‘Operation management is the set of activities that create value in the form of goods and service by transforming inputs into outputs’. Based on the statement, explain briefly the 10 Operation Management critical decisions i. Design of goods and services ii. Managing quality iii. Process and capacity design iv. Location strategy v. Layout strategy vi. Human resource and job design vii. Supply chain management viii. Inventory, materialRead MoreEssay Case Study on Operation Management1154 Words   |  5 PagesCanada West Professor: Chris Tabi MBA 510: Operations Management 23rd March 2013 Abstract This paper illustrates the importance and use of operation management in order to deal with different task within the one organization. It provides the information regarding the transformation process, operations objectives and company operations which helps an organization to perform various tasks. It also focuses on various problems regarding capacity and management faced by the company. In the end, it providesRead MoreThe Conception Of Operation Management1521 Words   |  7 Pagesabout the conception of operation management, and history of operation management. It also presents the circumstance of New Zealand SMEs and analysis on number of birth and deaths of different business sectors in 2010. At the end of the report, it provides the review of the business in New Zealand by major focus on their needs. In section 1, the report demonstrates the review of literature on the operations management. Among them, it includes what is operations management, explaining the roles and

Biology 3.3 Dna Structure Free Essays

3. 3 7. 1 DNA Structure Worksheet 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Biology 3.3 Dna Structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now Draw and label the structure of a simplified single nucleotide, including sugar, phosphate and base. 2. Complete the table below to show the pairings of the bases in DNA: Purine| Pyrimidine| Adenine| Thymine| Guanine| Cytosine| 3. Where would one find the base uracil? RNA, it replaces thymine 4. In the space below, draw a single strand of three nucleotides, naming the bonds between them and showing the correct relative position of these bonds. The sequence of these bases makes up the genetic code. The red linesrepresent covalent bonds. They are read in groups of three called triplets. These triplets arethen used to send instructions in the cell: to switch genes on and off. 5. Define the term double helix. The term double helix is two strands of DNA that twist around each other. Anti-Parallel 6. In the space below, draw a section of DNA, showing two anti-parallel strands of three nucleotides. Label the bonds which hold the bases together as well as the correct complementary base pairs. Also include the 3’ and 5’ linkages (and ends), and the distinction between purines and pyramidines. . Explain the relevance of the following in the double-helix structure of DNA: a. Complementary base pairing Complementary base pairing is when G only bonds with C and T only bonds with A and these are found on each strand of the double helix b. Hydrogen bonds Hydrogen bonds between the bases hold together the strands of DNA c. Relative positioning of the sugar-phosphate backbone and the bases The relative positioning of the sugar-phosphate backbone are on the outside and the bases are on the inside of the double helix 8. In the space below, draw the structure of a simplified nucleosome, including the H1 linker and histone proteins. 9. Nucleosomes allow the DNA to be supercoiled. a. What is the approximate length of the DNA strand in one chromosome? The length is (length of 1 bp) (number of bp per cell) which is 2 meters. b. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA most likely to be supercoiled? Prophase c. Outline how nucleosomes help regulate transcription. 10. Distinguish between unique or single-copy genes and highly repetitive sequences: Single-copy genes| Highly-repetitive sequences| . 5% of genome makes polypeptides. Each codon (mRNA) (3 bases) codes for one amino acid. 3% codes for ‘on/off’ gene switches. Within each eukaryotic genes there are:Exons (coding regions)Introns (non-coding regions which are edited out)  Ã‚  Every gene has a ‘switch’, for example a skin cell will turn off unnecessary genes so it does not perform the wrong activity (e. g. producing bloo d)  | Makes up about 5% – 45% of the genome. Once called junk DNAAlso known as satellite DNA, each repeated sequence can be 5-300 base pairsHRSs are used in genetic fingerprinting. This is because they accumulate mutations rapidly| Not all of the base sequences in DNA are translated. Highly repetitive base sequences are not translated. They consist of sequences of between 5 and 300 bases that may be repeated up to 10 000 times. They constitute 5-45% of eukaryotic DNA. Single-copy genes or unique genes are translated and constitute a surprisingly small proportion of eukaryotic DNA. 11. Distinguish between introns and exons in eukaryotic genes. Exons (coding regions) Introns (non-coding regions which are edited out) How to cite Biology 3.3 Dna Structure, Papers

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL Essays

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL Organizations require consistent levels of high performance from their employees in order to survive in a highly competitive environment. Many rms use some form of results-oriented planning and control systems. Management By Objectives (MBO) is a cyclical process that often consists of four steps as a way to attain desired performance: 1. Objective setting - joint determination by manager and employee of appropriate levels of future performance for the employee, within the context of overall unit goals and resources. These objectives are often set for the next calendar year. 2. Action planning -participative or even independent planning by the employee as to how to reach those objectives. Providing some autonomy to employees is invaluable; they are more likely to use their integrity, as well as feel more committed to the plan's success. 3. Periodic reviews - joint assessment of progress toward objectives by manager and employee, performed informally and sometimes spontaneously. 4. Annual evaluation -more formal assessment of success in achieving the employee's annual objectives, coupled with a renewal of the planning cycle. Some MBO systems also use performance appraisal to tie rewards for employees to the level of results attained. Appraisal Philosophy A generation ago, appraisal programs tended to emphasize employee traits, deciencies and abilities, but modern appraisal philosophy emphasizes present performance and future goals. Modern philosophy also stresses employee participation in mutually setting goals with the supervisor and knowledge of results. Thus the hallmarks of modern appraisal philosophy are as follows: 1. Performance Orientation -it is not enough for employees to put forth eort; that eort must result in the attainment of desired outcomes (products or services). 2. Focus on goals or objectives -as the discussion of MBO shows, employees need to have a clear idea of what they are supposed to be doing and the priorities among their tasks; as the saying goes, "If you know where you want to go, you are more likely to get there". 3. Mutual goal setting between supervisor and employee - this is the belief that people will work harder for goals or objectives that they have participated in setting. Among their desires are to perform a worthwhile task, share in group eort, share in setting their objectives, share in the rewards of their eorts, and continue personal growth. The "Theory Y" assumption is that people want to satisfy some of their needs through work and they will do so if management will provide them with a supportive environment. 4. Clarication of behavioral expectations -this is often done via a behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS),which provides the employee and manager with concrete examples of various levels of behaviors. Brief descriptions of outstanding, very good, acceptable, below average, and unacceptable behaviors are specied for each major dimension of a job, thus cueing the employee in advance regarding the organization's expectations. BARS help reduce a manager's tendency to focus on attitudes, personality and quirks of an employee and shift the emphasis toward productive behaviors.5. 5. Extensive feedback systems - employees can ne-tune their performance better if they know how they are doing in the eyes of the organization

Shouldice Hospital Case Essay Example

Shouldice Hospital Case Essay Example Shouldice Hospital Case Essay Shouldice Hospital Case Essay â€Å"Shouldice hospital, the house that hernias built, is a converted country estate which gives the hospital ‘a country club’ appeal. † A quote from American Medical News Shouldice Hospital in Canada is widely known for one thing-hernia repair! In fact, that is the only operation it performs, and it performs a great many of them. Over the past two decades this small 90-bed hospital has averaged 7,000 operations annually. Last year, it had a record year and performed nearly 7,500 operations. Patients’ ties to Shouldice do not end when they leave the hospital. Every year the gala Hernia Reunion dinner (with  complimentary hernia inspection) draws in excess of 1,000 former patients, some of whom have been attending the event for over 30 years. A number of notable features in Shouldice’s service delivery system contribute to its success. (1) Shouldice accepts only patients with the uncomplicated external hernias, and it uses a superior technique developed for this type of hernia by Dr. Shouldice during World War II. (2) Patients are subject to early ambulation, which promotes healing. (Patients literally walk off the operating table and engage in light exercise throughout  their stay, which lasts only three days) (3) † (p. 8) -â€Å"We don’t have an organization chart. A chart tends to make people think they’re boxed into jobs. † (p. 9) â€Å"The hospital relied entirely on word-of-mouth advertising [†¦]† (p. 10) Shouldice Hospital is focused on good working conditions. It tries to meet people’s needs and makes the hospital as good of a place to work as possible; not only for the patients, but also for the members of the hospital staff: For example surgeons, assistants and nurses were rotated every few days or weeks that they get as much experience as possible. Furthermore each secretary is trained to do another’s work and in an emergency is able to switch to another function immediately. In spite of the fact that the pay scale for the staff is higher than the union scale for comparable jobs, there is also a high bonus pool and profit-sharing plan for all of the employees. The hospital also provides some free services for parents, who accompany their children and also provides free annual checkups for past patients. As a conclusion, Shouldice Hospital is doing well in capacity, service, quality, efficiency and performance. What performance exactly means and how you account performance will be answered in the next question. 2. How do you account for its performance? To answer this question we looked at the literature of performance management and tried to relate the theoretical background with the information provided in the â€Å"Shouldice Hospital Limited† case material. In business literature several different approaches to performance exist. In organizational development, performance can be thought of as actual results vs. desired results. Any discrepancy, where actual is less than desired, could constitute the performance improvement zone. Performance management and improvement can be thought of as a cycle: 1. Performance planning where goals and objectives are established. 2. Performance coaching where a manager intervenes to give feedback and adjust performance. 3. Performance appraisal where individual performance is formally documented and feedback delivered. A performance problem is any gap between desired results and actual results. Performance improvement is any effort targeted at closing the gap between actual results and desired results. Other organizational development definitions are slightly different. The US Governments Office of Personnel Management indicates that performance management consists of a system or process whereby: 1. Work is planned and expectations are set, 2. Performance of work is monitored, 3. Staff ability to perform is developed and enhanced, 4. Performance is rated or measured and the ratings summarized and 5. Top performance is rewarded. In Business performance management literature, performance is described as a set of processes that help businesses discover efficient use of their business units, financial, human and material resources. The definition of  performance in Operational performance management literature focuses on creating methodical and predictable ways to improve business results, or performance, across organizations. The answer to question 1 of our paper focuses on actual performance of the Shouldice hospital and the answers to questions 4, 5 concentrate on ways to improve hospital’s capacity, which covers the operational management approach to performance. Since the case material is short on data as far as desired results are concerned, we will take historical and comparative approach in order to account the performance of Shouldice Hospital. Since the number of operations is considered by us as the most important measure of performance, from historical perspective we can see that performance on this measure has been increasing steadily since year 1982. â€Å"[†¦] the volume of activity continued to increase, reaching a total of 6,850 operations in the 1982 calendar year. † The average number of operations per year reached 7750 (please see question 4 for reference) at the time of interview. Increased number of operations indicates the higher number of patients, which could also indicate a high customer satisfaction level. Since the hospital in not using any marketing strategy to attract clients, and â€Å"relied entirely on word of mouth advertising† , we could presume that satisfaction reached desired results and increased the number of new patients. We could also look at the performance from financial perspective in terms of employees’ salaries â€Å"we try to maintain a pay scale higher than the union scale for comparable jobs in the area† . Ability to pay above average market salaries indicates reaching target revenues and non-existent or minimal gap between desired results and actual results for financial performance. From the facts in Shouldice hospital case material, high involvement of experienced surgeons in coaching and giving feedback in order to maintain high quality of operations could be also observed. â€Å"Training in the Shouldice technique was important because the procedure could not be varied. It was accomplished through direct supervision by one or more of the senior surgeons. The rotation of teams and frequent consultation allowed for an ongoing opportunity to appraise performance and take corrective action. † The above example of training program gives us insight on personnel management at Shouldice hospital. Here we can refer to The US Governments Office of Personnel Management approach to performance. Holistic approach to personnel performance management including planning, monitoring, development, performance evaluation and reward system (â€Å"bonuses to doctors were voted by the board of directors twice a year, depending on profit and performance† ) are integral parts of this approach and all of them, according to data from case material, exist (and are of great importance to Shouldice hospital’s management. We looked at different performance measures and approaches from comparative and historic perspective in order to answer this question. With the data given in the case and the facts outlined in the answer to question 1, we can conclude that in all discussed fields, i. e. customer satisfaction, capacity, financial performance and personnel management Shouldice Hospital is performing with no gap between actual results and desired results. 3. Develop a process flow chart for Shouldice Hospital. In this answer, we will provide a process flow chart for patients, who have had their hernias repaired at Shouldice Hospital. A process flow chart deals with a schematic diagram for describing a process. From our point of view, the real process starts when the patient arrives at Shouldice Hospital. That’s the reason why we do not have the previous steps (filling out questionnaires (1), patients getting their operation dates (2), information logged into the computer (3), patients sent their confirmation cards (4), patients contacted by phone (5)) in our process flow chart. Our process flow chart starts at 1:00-3:00 P. M. , when the patient arrives at Shouldice Hospital with 30 to 34 other patients. As you can see from the process flow chart, after four days, a patient is ready for discharge. This multi-stage process flow chart also includes a lot of buffers , where the patient has to wait till the next step in the process flow chart can be processed. As you can see on the last slide of the process flow chart, there is only limited information available about the third and fourth day. Finally, patients can leave Shouldice Hospital after four days. 4. What is Shouldice Hospital’s capacity? First of all, to make more clear how we interpreted this question, we will give a definition of capacity: â€Å"Capacity means the number/throughput of  units a facility can hold or produce in a period of time. † If we adjust this explanation to the Shouldice case, we assume that the capacity of the hospital is the maximum number of patients who can have an operation during one year. Referring to the case, the peak activity occurs in September when as many as 165 operations per week might be performed. Each year has 52 weeks, however according to the text: â€Å"For many of the same reasons, the hospital closed for two weeks late in December each year,† this means to a total of 50 work weeks each year. Using this information we can assume that the weekly capacity would be 165 patients and the yearly capacity being 8,250 operations. Alternatively, using an average figure of 155 weekly operations performed, this will result in a yearly average capacity of 7,750 operations. Also the capacity could be the number of beds, â€Å"Initially, a 36-bed capacity was create in Thornhill, but after some years of planning, a large wing was added to the house to provide a total capacity of 89-beds. † 5. As Dr. Shouldice, what actions, if any, would you take to expand the hospital’s capacity? In order to create further opportunities to expand the hospital’s capacity, and secure future growth, Dr. Shouldice should expand the hospital’s facilities into the U. S. This notion supported by the case, which states, â€Å"Approximately 42% of all Shouldice patients came from the United States† (p. 3). As of now, these patients are forced to pay â€Å"roughly $200 to $600† (p. 10) to travel to Toronto and patients from the U. S. must now have passports when travelling to Canada. Having a hospital in the U. S.  could reduce some of the costs of travelling for these patients, decrease some of the anxiety of travelling to a foreign country, and make the facilities more accessible for potential patients. Additionally, it would be in the best interest of the hospital to diversify its practice and pursue â€Å"opportunities such as eye surgery, varicose veins, or hemorrhoids† (p. 11). An expansion to the U. S. is an enormous undertaking and since opening a facility in the U. S. is akin to starting anew this is an opportune time for Shouldice Hospital to diversify their opportunities. Based upon Exhibit 4 in the case study, â€Å"it is quite clear that others are trying to emulate us,† which means that Shouldice Hospital is the premier hernia care provider. Now that they have mastered the hernia care and procedures, they must now transfer that knowledge of patient care to other areas of medicine. A staggering 86% of the attendees of the 1983 Shouldice Hospital Annual Reunion responded that Shouldice Hospital most definitely cared for them as a person (Exhibit 3, p. 16). With numbers like these and given Shouldice’s record of accomplishments, it is time for Shouldice to move forward and expand their opportunities. Furthermore, it would be in the best interest of the hospital to patent its world-renowned hernia procedure. Currently the procedure is available to all hospitals who, â€Å"may copy our technique and misapply it or misinform their patients about the use of it. This can result in failure, and we are concerned that the technique will be blamed for the recurrences. † (p. 11). Occurrences such as these can denounce the Shouldice name and can hinder potential patients from looking into Shouldice’s procedures. Shouldice should also look into advertising its procedures in order to increase its capacity. Presently, Shouldice is â€Å"afraid to send out this new brochure [they’ve] put together for fear it will generate too much demand† (p. 11). Advertising, in correlation with the expansion into the U. S. , would greatly increase the awareness of Shouldice because â€Å"the hospital relied entirely on word-of-mouth advertising† (p. 10). With the expansion into the U. S. Shouldice would be able to support the extra demand generated by an advertising campaign. The main types of advertising Shouldice should consider are direct mailings, magazine/newspaper ads, and infomercials. The atmosphere at Shouldice in Toronto is definitely one of a kind. The patients, nurses, and surgeons all have a special bond rarely seen in a hospital, which greatly contributes to the success of Shouldice. In such a quaint working environment, it is important to consider the needs of everyone involved when contemplating facility expansions and work schedule changes. With this in mind, and seeing that there are only a small number of workers, all of whom do not agree on a work schedule change to add Saturdays, Shouldice should continue its present work schedule and not add Saturday operations. Additionally, adding a floor to the current facility would greatly change the working dynamics of the hospital and the quaint environment in which the patients and staff thrive. Adding a new floor and Saturday operations may add revenue but it would take away from all that Shouldice stands for. As the case states, â€Å"‘I’d hate to see the practice split over the issue’† (p. 12). Finally, Shouldice should look into updating and digitalizing its computer systems. This will not only expedite the administrative process but would also lower patients’ waiting time and reduce the stress attributed to masses of paperwork. Patients should be able to fill out all the necessary paperwork one time on a computer and then not be bothered until the procedure. In addition, digitalizing Shouldice’s system would make the brochure sent out to patients (Exhibit 1) a more fluid process. If the form was available on the Internet then there would be faster response times and fewer mistakes. 6. How would you implement changes you propose? Based upon the information provided in the case, it seems as though Dr. Shouldice already has a few places in the U. S. in mind for the hospital (p. 11). We would encourage him to do further research to determine where the best geographic region is according to demand for hernia operations as well as the other opportunities mentioned (eye surgery, varicose veins, or hemorrhoids). Dr. Shouldice must also consider the cost of building a new facility and future revenues derived from greater capacity. In order to protect the surgery that has made the hospital so famous, Dr. Shouldice would need to apply for patents through the provincial government. Moreover, it would be wise for Dr. Shouldice to apply for patents in the U.S. as well before he begins operations there. Taking the necessary steps to obtain a patent would secure Shouldice’s unique surgical procedure and their future success. Although Shouldice currently handles all of their own operations, it is necessary for them to hire an advertising agency to launch a new campaign. An advertising agency has much more experience and knowledge about best practices and with the guidance of the administrative staff they could work together to achieve the desired outcome. Shouldice should consider advertising for their U. S. facility as soon as an expansion plan is completed and for their Toronto facility as soon as the U. S. facility is open. This would promote awareness among U. S. patients prior to the opening of the facility and give the Toronto facility enough time to phase out some existing U. S. patients. A test period of six months should be implemented and if the advertising proves successful then further implementation and changes can be made. The first step Shouldice should take to implement a new computer system is to find a company who provides the services they are looking for. Then the two sides would need to work together to develop computer software that fits the specific needs of Shouldice. Next, employee training would be required to familiarize all necessary parties with the new system. Then, a test period would be needed to ensure that the computer software was working properly and that all employees knew how it worked. Finally, the old system Shouldice currently uses would cease to exist and the new system would be fully implemented.

The Appeal of Dystopian Novels for Teens

The Appeal of Dystopian Novels for Teens Teens are devouring the current popular literature of the dark, grim, and dismal: the dystopian novel. Bleak story lines about leaders who  terrorize citizens every year by making them watch teens fight to the death and governments who condone mandatory operations to remove emotion describe two of the popular dystopian novels that teens are reading.  But just what is  a dystopian novel and how long has it been around? And theres the bigger question: why is this type of novel so appealing to teens? Definition A dystopia is a  society that is broken down, unpleasant, or in an oppressed or terrorized state. Unlike a utopia, a perfect world, dystopias are grim, dark, and hopeless. They reveal society’s greatest fears. Totalitarian governments  rule and the needs and wants of individuals become subordinate to the state. In most dystopian novels,  a tyrannical government is trying to suppress and control its citizens by taking away their individuality, as in the classics 1984 and Brave New World.  Dystopian governments also ban activities that encourage individual thinking. The governments response to individual thinking in Ray Bradbury’s classic Fahrenheit 451? Burn the books! History Dystopian novels are not new to the reading public. Since the late 1890s, H.G. Wells, Ray Bradbury, and George Orwell have entertained audiences with their classics about Martians, book burnings, and Big Brother. Over the years, other dystopian books like Nancy Farmer’s The House of the Scorpion and Lois Lowry’s  Newbery-winning book The Giver have given younger characters a more central role in dystopian settings. Since 2000, dystopian novels for teens have retained the dismal, dark setting, but the nature of the characters has changed.  Characters are no longer passive and powerless citizens, but teens who are empowered, fearless, strong, and determined to find a way to survive and face their fears. Major characters have influential personalities that oppressive governments attempt to control but cannot. A recent example of this type of teen dystopian novel is the incredibly popular Hunger Games  series (Scholastic, 2008) where the central character is a sixteen-year-old girl named Katniss who is willing to take her sister’s place in the annual game where teens from 12 different districts must fight to the death.  Katniss commits a deliberate act of rebellion against the Capital that keeps readers on the edge of their seats. In the dystopian novel Delirium  (Simon and Schuster, 2011), the government teaches citizens that love is a dangerous disease that must be eradicated. By age 18, everyone  must undergo a mandatory operation to remove the ability to feel  love. Lena, who is looking forward to the operation and fears love, meets a boy and together they flee the government and find the truth. In yet another favorite dystopian novel called Divergent (Katherine Tegen Books, 2011), teens must unite themselves with factions based on virtues, but when the main character is told she’s divergent, she becomes a threat to the government and must keep secrets in order to protect her loved ones from harm. Teen Appeal So what do teens find so appealing about dystopian novels? Teens in dystopian novels get to perform ultimate acts of rebellion against authority, and that’s appealing. Conquering a dismal future is empowering, especially when  the teens have to rely on themselves without having to answer to parents, teachers, or other authoritarian figures. Teen readers can certainly relate to those feelings. Today’s teen dystopian novels contain teen characters who exhibit strength, courage, and conviction. Although death, war, and violence exist, a more positive and hopeful message about the future is being sent by teens who are facing future fears and conquering them.

Reflection Paper 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflection Paper 4 - Essay Example In other words a face that looks open, alive with a wide smile that says â€Å"you’re welcome† (Marshall &  Jackson &  Sue 2004). Smarter look can be achieved with a pair of glasses and concentrated, meditated look with focusing on some exact object. You could also read a book or newspaper (Sherrow 2001). To look liberal it is best to know how to listen to others and give them time to freely express their thoughts and from my side it would be fair to honor other’s point of view. That is liberal. Wealth can be achieved with accessories like watch, cigarette case, shiny lighter, cool look and busy face like you’re waiting for some important meeting on the matter of serious business. All this details can be achiieved with such aspects of personal appearance as expression of the face, manner of talking, sitting, standing, walking etc. In other words anything serves the purpose and everything is important. It’s all necessary to become a more competen t communicator because people like and feel more open to talk to the successful, happy looking, spectacular or in general cool people (Rumsey & Harcourt 2005). But what is most important and it’s a simple truth is inner good because while all the outer things can be managed with right skills, inner respectful condition can only be achieved with real values because after first appearance they will continue the work which was started by the simple good

How to raise self-esteem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to raise self-esteem - Essay Example Theories have viewed self esteem as a basic human need or motivation (Maslow, 1987). This paper will discuss how people may raise their self esteem, with an emphasis on single, homeless mothers. Experiences in people’s lives are key factors of self esteem development. The negative or positive life experiences people have create attitudes toward the self which may be favorable, developing positive self worth feelings. They may also be unfavorable, developing negative self worth feelings. Single mothers go through emotional experiences like feelings of isolation and loneliness (Jordan, Spencer, & Zanna, 2003). The frustrations accompanied by being a single mother may lead to harmful levels of anxiety and stress, which can also affect the children. Dwelling on events that led to single motherhood and blaming oneself makes the process of gaining self esteem and moving on difficult. To assist single mothers improve their self esteem, and, therefore, reduce stress in their lives, they need encouragement to change how they view themselves. Practicing tolerance on themselves is a key point, which starts by accepting their strengths and weaknesses as part and parcel of them ( Jordan, Spencer, & Zanna, 2003). They should then employ the use of power of positive thinking while focusing on successful parts of their lives, which could be a devoted family or the influence they have once had in their community. Another step towards building high self esteem is learning to accept positive and constructive criticism (Branden, 2001). Criticism need not be seen as diminishing, rather as an eye opener to what individuals can improve in themselves. Single mothers should take the initiative to invite and accept criticism and use it to change and improve their overall image (Jordan, Spencer, & Zanna, 2003). Those with low esteem must learn to set challenges and goals for themselves and be optimistic about achieving them. Failure

Web-Based Tool for PowerPoint

Web-Based Tool for PowerPoint According to Ellen, Microsoft PowerPoint is a presentation program that helps us create presentations slides and then present it on the computer or projection screen. Nowadays, the use of Microsoft PowerPoint in universities is increasing dramatically. Almost every lecturers and students use presentation slides for teaching and learning. Lecturers can create a presentation slide easily with important notes inside the slide without have to print out the notes for students. Furthermore, lecturers can share their presentation slides to the students by upload the slides to the E-Learning. Students can download and read it or share it with others. Problem arises when some of the lecturers or students want to share or reuse some learning object such as picture, video or sound inside the PowerPoint slides. They have to search and view each of the PowerPoint slides in order to locate the learning objects. Hence, a web based tool, Learning Object Extraction for Microsoft PowerPoint is one of the method to solve this issue. Learning Object Extraction for Microsoft PowerPoint is a web based tool which the users have to access to internet in order to use the tool. This tool can extract various format of PowerPoint such as ppt, pptx, ppsx, pptm. Futhermore, this tool can extract learning object with various format such as jpg, png, gif, flv, wmv, mov, mp3, wma /.wav. Problem Background Microsoft PowerPoint is widely used in schools and universities. PowerPoint slides that had created were used by lecturers or students for teaching and learning. It is difficult for users to share or reuse a particular learning object that in format of Microsoft PowerPoint. As a result, users have to search and view each of the presentation slides in order to share or reuse the materials. In addition, most of the users have to store the whole presentation slides in order to save a particular learning object. This make the users faced some difficulties to reuse or share the learning object such as a picture or video. Hence, a complete tool needs to be develops in order to overcome these issues. Purpose The purpose of this project is to develop a web based tool that will extract the learning object that in various formats from Microsoft PowerPoint presentation slides. Objective The objectives of this project are: Develop a web based tool for the users to extract the learning object into separated format from Microsoft PowerPoint presentation slides. Develop an interface for the web based tool to let the users search and browse the learning object after perform the extraction. Scope The scopes of this project are: The web based tool is designed for students and lecturers in universities or school. This tool will run in a server and every user can access it by log in to the webpage. This tool supports several types of Microsoft PowerPoint format such as ppt, pptx, ppsx, pptm. This tool can extract learning object with various format such as jpg, png, gif, flv, wmv, mov, mp3, wma, wav. Significance of Project This tool can give convenient for its users by extract the presentation slides automatically. Users can share or reuse the learning object easily by using the extraction tool to extract the object from presentation slides. In addition, users can search for the learning object without open and view each of the presentation slides after perform the extraction. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction Microsoft PowerPoint is the leader of all in presentation programs compare to Corel Presentation or Apples Key-note. (Emily, 2007). People all around the world use presentation slides every day. Bulleted text, graphics, video, sound or animated slides are major content of a presentation slides. We can embed images, videos or sound by using Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) technology. Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), is a Microsoft Windows feature that combines various application data into one compound document. (Thomas and Krishnan, 2002). According to Peter (2010), it is a medium for bringing programs beside Microsoft PowerPoint into the mix without leaving Microsoft PowerPoint. 2.2 Research on the Existing Tool or Method It is necessary to analyze all the current tool or current methods that exist in the internet in order to develop a complete Learning Object Extraction for Microsoft PowerPoint. There are one similar standalone application and a method on how to extract learning object are found for analysis study. The standalone application will be discussed in Section 2.2.1 while the method on how to extract learning object will be discussed in Section 2.2.2. 2.2.1 PowerPoint Image Extractor V1.2 PowerPoint Image Extractor V1.2 is a freeware. It can be downloaded at http://alainlecomte.free.fr/Download.htm#PPImageExtractor. This application can extract pictures and wave files from Microsoft PowerPoint and slideshow that in format of .ppt and .pps. After perform the extraction, the image files and wave files will be separate in a different folder by the application. This standalone application will run under Windows environment such as Windows NT/XP/Vista/7. Below are the screenshot of the application. Figure2.1.JPG Figure 2.1 Screenshot of PowerPoint Image Extractor V1.2 2.2.2 Extract Images and Sound from Microsoft PowerPoint All of these methods are written at pptfaq (2010). There are different methods to extract presentation files that created in different version of Microsoft PowerPoint such as in Microsoft PowerPoint 2010, Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 or Microsoft PowerPoint 2000 through 2003. There are several steps in order to extract images or sounds from Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 with file extension in PPTX, PPSX, PPTM, PPSM, POTX, or POTM. Firstly, right click the presentation slides and choose rename. Then, add .zip to the end of the file name and it will look similar like this type of format: myfile.ppts.zip. After that, double click the zip file to open it in windows explorer. There is a folder name PPT, double click the folder and the images or sounds will be kept in media folder. Drag and drop the media folder to anywhere in your hard drive to save the objects. Finally, by right click the presentation file and delete the .zip extension to open it with Microsoft PowerPoint. The method to extract presentation files created by Microsoft PowerPoint 2000, 2003 and 2007 are the same. Firstly, double click to open the presentation slides. Then, click Office button and click Save As other format. In the dialog box, make sure the type of save as are save in web page (*.htm, *.html). Finally, choose a place to save it and then close the presentation slides. Microsoft PowerPoint will create a single file and in the mean times will create another folder. Inside the created folder, there are whole bunch of files. The embedded images or sounds files will be among of the files. Justification of Learning Object Extraction for Microsoft PowerPoint Learning Object Extraction is developed as web based tool to improve the current standalone application and methods by adding more supported format of presentation slides. In addition, this web based tool will extract learning object with several format such as jpg, png, gif, flv, wmv, mov, mp3, wma, wav. This tool will run in a server and require the users to upload the presentation slides to the server and extraction of learning object will be performed at the same time. Therefore, the current application and methods are studied for implementation of Learning Object Extraction for Microsoft PowerPoint in order to achieve the goal. 2.4 Research on Current Technology There are several options to choose for web development such as HTML for static web pages, JSP and ASP.NET for dynamic web pages. The most appropriate language use on the development of Learning Object Extraction for Microsoft PowerPoint is either JSP or ASP.NET. 2.4.1 Research on Java Server Pages Technology The use of Java Server Pages has grown rapidly since after the introduced of The Java 2 Platform. Many web developers choose to use JSP to build e-commerce system, dynamic websites and web services. A JSP can compile into servlet and servlet can act as a middleware to read and sent data between client and server. (Marty and Larry, 2009). Web service will make use of servlets container such as Apache Tomcat and then execute numerous of code that define by the developer in order to perform the complete web pages. 2.4.2 Research on Active Server Pages Dot NET Technology ASP is a technology that enables web developer to build dynamic and interactive Web pages quickly and easily. We could include VBScript or JScript code commands in the ASP to be executed on the Web server before the page was sent to the users browser. ASP used script between and percentage sign to control server-side behavior. (Bill et al, 2010). Developer can firstly build an ASP page with only HTML static page and then can define own code to make the ASP page dynamically. Justification for Choosing JSP as the Coding Language JSP technology adheres to the Write Once, Run Anywhere philosophy of the Java architecture. (Sun Microsystems, 1999). JSP technology can be run in any operating systems that support Java such as Unix/Linux, Mac OS or others. Compared to ASP, JSP is more popular and tool used to create JSP web pages is also free of charge. Apart from that some of the component such as JavaBeans can be reused for others web pages. This can help the developer to complete the web development more faster due to the flexibility of Java technology.

Mw Transmission Basics

Microwave Transmission Basics Microwave Transmission Basics Table of Contents †¢ MW Advantages †¢ MW Frequency bands †¢ MW Link elements †¢ Antenna Radiation Pattern †¢ MW Alarms Microwave Transmission Basics Features Advantages ? Rapid Deployment – A microwave link can be installed in as little as one day No right-of-way issues – Radio spans all obstacles such as roads, railways, etc. , avoiding any requirement to seek permissions that inevitably are costly and introduce time delays. Flexibility – The capacity of a microwave link can be easily increased at minimal or even no cost. Radios can also be redeployed if network needs change or as a result of customer churn. Losing customers does not mean assets are lost like in the case of fiber build. ? ? Microwave Transmission Basics Features Advantages †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Easily crosses city terrain – In many metropolitan and city authorities, street digging to install fiber is either extremely restricted, prohibitively expensive or is even banned outright. Operator-owned infrastructure – no reliance on competitors. Low start-up capital costs, which are independent of the link distance. Minimal recurring operational costs. †¢ †¢ Radio infrastructure already exists for many networks in the form of rooftops, cellular masts and existing radio transmission towers. Microwave radio is not susceptible to common catastrophic failure of cable systems caused by cable cuts, and can be repaired in minutes instead of hours or days. †¢ Limitations †¢ †¢ †¢ Transmission Capacity Limits (i. e. PDH, STM-1) Competitive Transmission Media Optical Fiber (i. e. STM-1 up to STM-N) Microwave Transmission Basics Common M/W Frequency Bands According to ITU-R recommendations ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7 GHz 8 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 28 GHz 38 GHz Note: Hop distance is depending on frequency. High frequency coincides with shorter transmission hop distance. Systems on 23 – 38 GHz are prone to rain attenuation. Microwave Transmission Basics M/W Channel Arrangement Lower Band F0 Upper Band F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F1’ F2’ F3’ F4’ F5â €™ F6’ RF channel arrangement acc. ITU-R Microwave Transmission Basics Table of Contents M/W Link Elements? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? IDU ODU Antenna— Functions Specifications Types Pressurization Equipments Microwave Transmission Basics Elements of a MW link Antenna ODU Free Space Antenna ODU IDU IF Cable IF Cable IDU Microwave Transmission Basics Spur Link (Low Capacity Link) 7 – 38GHz Systems, generally used for PDH Spur Links Outdoor Unit (ODU, consists of RF-transmitter and antenna) IF-interconnection cable Indoor Unit (IDU) ? ? ? ? IDU Functions: Multiplexing /Demulteplexing of Tributaries. Modulation/Demodulation with the Carrier. IF conversion. Microwave Transmission Basics IDU BLOCK DIAGRAM: Power Supply 155Mbps Main Channel MUX/ DEMUX Modulator IF Card Cable Combi-ner 2 Mbps Wayside Channel 64 Kbps User Channel Demodulator Coax Cable NMS/Ethernet External Alarms IDU Controller Microwave Transmission Basics †¢ ODU BLOCK DIAGRAM: Power Supply AGC Voltage Reading 350MHz TX Converter 3-4GHz Coax Cable AGC Cable Combiner X Band Synthesizer RX Converter Trans receiver Converter Amplifier 140 MHz 3-4GHz IDU Controller Microwave Transmission Basics ? †¢ †¢ Antenna Functions: Works as an amplifier to overcome the fade margin and give desired AGC levels. Antennas: Wire carrying HF Current is surrounded by Electric and Magnetic Fields Voltage Standing Wave radiation 2 Microwave Transmission Basics ? Antennas: Voltage Standing Wave radiation Microwave Transmission Main Specification Basics Antenna Radiation Pattern Omni Antenna Lobe Point-to-Multipoint Directional Antenna Lobe Point-to-Point Microwave Transmission Basics Antenna Gain: Directive Gain ? Power Density radiated by antenna ? Power Density Radiated by Isotropic Antenna ? ? ? * Power Density measured at same distance * Both Antenna radiate radiate the same total power Bandwidth: — Operating Frequency bands — Possible to tune antenna for slightly different frequency range while retaining the same characteristics †¢ VSWR: Is the Guaranteed peak Voltage Standing wave ratio within the operating band Microwave Transmission Basics Antenna Specifications: Gain: Stated in dBi( Decibels over an isotropic radiator). Primirarly a function of antenna size ? Front to ba ck Ratio: In dB. Denotes highest radiation relative to main beam at 180+/-40 degree across the band. ? Half Power Beam Width: Nominal total width of the main beam at -3dB points ? Polarization: Can be single or dual polarised ? ? ? Isolation: For Dual polarised antennas. Refers to isolation between each polarised beam Microwave Transmission Basics Antenna Polarization ? Two main Types of Polarization: ? Vertical Polarization ? Horizontal Polarization Microwave Transmission Basics Antenna Polarization Vertical Polarization Horizontal Polarization Gridpak Low Back Lobe Focal Plane High Performance Dual Beam Angle Diversity Microwave Transmission Basics Antenna Feeder Types Air Dielectric Antenna Cables require Pressurization when used outdoors

Does Religion belong in Public Schools Essay - 1803 Words

When looking at the history of America, it is fascinating to see how the public schooling system even got started. The first schools in America were not public schools, as many would presume. Instead, â€Å"the first schools in the United States were religious and not secular† (Elifson 1). Nearly all public schools, up to the 1960’s incorporated religion and prayer in their classrooms; however, in the last 50 years, prayer and religion in public schools has been debated over countless times. Even in Hudsonville, Michigan, which holds the record in the Guinness Book of World Records for having the most churches on a single street, there is much debate over prayer and the teaching of Christianity, or any religion, in the public schools. When I†¦show more content†¦They also state that in other countries, â€Å"entire social systems are based on religious beliefs† (2). Consequently, this points to the fact that religion, in its entirety, is immensely import ant in teaching students the history of nations and many social systems that nations uphold. Reid and Ayers have proven that after receiving the knowledge of religion in some countries and understanding why their respective religions were important to them, â€Å"[students] achieved a deeper understanding of many current events, [especially] those involving the Middle East†(Ayers and Reid 2). It is perfectly clear that in many circumstances, knowing the religious background of a nation will help enlighten the students to better understand why some nations hold a particular stance on a given matter (Ayers and Reid 1-3). Another author, Rob Boston, talks about this subject in less detail. He argues that â€Å"legitimate instruction about religion as an academic subject in public schools [is not] a problem. As long as it’s done in a non-dogmatic manner intended to educate† (3). Boston’s whole article is arguing against the idea of preaching to students about religion. It is interesting that even someone against religion in school wants a broad teaching of religious backgrounds to better understand culture in some events, especially in history. This further proves theShow MoreRelatedPros and Cons of Teaching Creationism in School1197 Words   |  5 PagesFor this research paper I am going to discuss the pros and the cons about Creationism in school and why I feel that it should be left out of the public school system. Even though I am writing about both sides of the issue, I feel, for most part, that religion should be kept out of schools. I will present both sides of my topic and make a stand on why I feel that religion does not belong in public schools. Some of the pros of Creationism are that students have to think beyond the box. CreationismRead MorePrayer in Public Schools Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pages The United States has continued to be a country where religion plays a major role in the lives of American citizens. Depending on the type of school students attend, organized prayer is mandatory, allowed, or banned. In the United States, organized prayer in public schools is prohibited because it goes against the Constitution’s separation of church and state (Jinkins 123). The United States promises religious freedom, but is yet to define the degree and limitation of that liberty. However, AmericanRead MoreThe Constitutionality of Prayer in Public Schools Essay698 Words   |  3 Pagesin public schools, while others think that people should be able to express their religion in their own ways. In public schools, they are not allowed to hold prayers at all during the school day due to the mixed religion students that ar e attending the school. 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When people fled their homes in search of a new place, one of the many reasons was due to religious freedom. Almost immediately conflicts arose between religions, and their belief systems. No problems seem to arise with teaching religion to children in school until the 1900 s. That is when the courts decided religious instructions in public schools would be deemed unconstitutional. Court cases started around the country withRead MoreOppression Of The Catholic Religion794 Words   |  4 Pagesknown that oppression is present in regard to religion. There have been many times over the past decades were overt forms of oppression have been present when a dominant religious group takes over a subordinated group. In a reading this week, Christian Priv ilege is talked about. This type of privilege surprised me because I did not even know it existed. The reading talked about how dominant religious would punish individuals who went against their religion and tried to force others out so they wouldRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution Or Intelligent Design1677 Words   |  7 Pagesdominate as the explanation; either the theory of evolution or Intelligent Design. The theory of evolution was first published by Charles Darwin, a famous figure who is just as controversial in modern society as he was in his own time. He introduced the public to the theory of evolution in his book On the Origin of Species, where he proposed that new species evolve from older ones through Natural Selection, or the process of the organism which are better adapted to their environment being the ones to surviveRead MoreEngel V. Vitale: the Beginning of the Battle Against School Prayer977 Words   |  4 Pagesliberty is religion. America’s foundation is b ased upon the idea that religion should be a freedom and a choice of the person involved, not a requirement by the government. Yet religion is one of the very things to United States was founded on. In the last half of the 20th century, the differing opinions Americans held on religious conviction became an ongoing debate on where and when is the right time to observe one’s faith. Most notably this debate extended to the public schools. One of theRead MoreThe Theory of Evolution and Creationism Debate The subject on what goes into public school1700 Words   |  7 Pages The Theory of Evolution and Creationism Debate The subject on what goes into public school textbooks have always been an intense debate. Recently Bill Nye the Science Guy and Ken Ham held a debate on this topic on February 4, 2014 which gain over two million views. Which raised the question is creationism a viable model of origin in today’s modern scientific era (Ken Ham)? 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The Lottery By Shirley Jackson. 1. Focus/Thesis For Your

THE LOTTERY by Shirley Jackson 1. Focus/thesis for your essay on the story you are researching The traditions and the rituals of the lottery authored by Shirley Jackson seems to be just as old as the town itself, more so since most residents don’t actually recall any of the old rituals, ven the Old Man Warner, who celebrates his 77th lottery. This implies that they are archaic in some ways and they are rooted in the traditions and superstitions that seem to include the crops and the human sacrifice. In the Salem Witch Trials in the early America, one of the common presumed complaints about â€Å"witches† was that they were responsible for the bad harvests, that way in many ways â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson can be is seen as a metaphor†¦show more content†¦It is clear that Jackson, in creating that horrific story, was thinking about the brutality of the World War II that corrupted many â€Å"civilized† people. 3. List the 3 secondary sources (located online) that you intend to use to support your essay focus Jackson, Shirley. The lottery and other stories. Macmillan, 2005. Jackson, Shirley. The Lottery and Other Stories. New Canadian Library, 2016. Kosenko, Peter. A Reading of Shirley Jackson’s ‘The Lottery’. New Orleans Review 12.1 (1985): 27-32. Shirley Jackson is an American author was made famous by the short story on, â€Å"The Lottery†, which was written in 1948. On the story, she commented, â€Å"Explaining just what I had hoped the story to say is very difficult. I supposed that by setting a particular brutal ancient rite in the present and in my village the story’s readers with a dramatization of the pointless violence and general inhumanity in their own lives.† 5. Present the 5 quotations from the story you currently intend to use. Their value will be assessed by how they relate to your essay thesis. â€Å"Clean forgot what day it was, â€Å"she said to Mrs. Delacroix who stood next to her, and they both laughed softly. This was a moment of friendship which is later exposed as hollow and meaningless. â€Å"Get up there, Bill, â€Å"Mrs. Hutchinson said. This passageShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery vs. the Rocking-Horse Winner1286 Words   |  6 PagesOutline Title: â€Å"The Lottery vs. The Rocking-Horse Winner† I. Introduction A. In what ways are the two shorts stories by Shirley Jackson and D.H. Lawrence similar and different. B. In â€Å"The Lottery vs. The Rocking-Horse Winner† we are analyzing the similarities and differences in setting from a fictional viewpoint between these two short stories. II. Body A. What are the settings of these two short stories, 1. Where do they take place 2. When do they take place 3. What similarities and differencesRead MoreENG 102 fiction essay instruction768 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloping your paper topic that are given below. Review the Fiction Essay Grading Rubric to see how your submission will be graded. Gather all of your information, plan the direction of your essay, and organize your ideas by developing a 1-page thesis statement and outline for your essay. Format the thesis statement and the outline in a single Word document using current MLA, APA, or Turabian style (whichever corresponds to your degree program). You have the opportunity to submit your thesis and outlineRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesyou are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author endorse you or your use of the work). (2) Noncommercial You may not use this work for commercial purposes (for example, by inserting passages